¿Las IA generativas pueden generar estado de la técnica de patentes?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26422/RIPI.2025.2300.mesKeywords:
patents, prior art, patentability requirements, artificial intelligence, generative artificial intelligence, IP5, Brazilian Industrial Property Law (LPI), patent examination guidelinesAbstract
Although generative artificial intelligence (GAI) systems have enabled a significant transformation in the way information is created, many debates have arisen regarding the use of protected works in the training of GAI systems, as well as the protection of works created by GAIs. This paper addresses a still little-explored issue concerning the conditions for determining the acceptance (or not) of publications generated by GAI during the examination of patent applications. In a future context of increasingly innovative GAI tools, a significant increase in the volume of automatically produced technical publications is expected. This growth may broaden access to information but also raises concerns regarding the potential for such publications to present technically flawed or erroneous content. Other concerns involve possible situations in which a number of human inventions might not be patentable due to a prior art created by GAI, or that these autonomous publications may hinder human inventors from obtaining patents. The objective of this study is, therefore, to assess the impact of this transformation on the patent system. To this end, general concepts of artificial intelligence are presented, as well as the requirements of patentability and prior art. Then, the legislative and regulatory patent frameworks in Brazil are analyzed in comparison with those of the IP5 offices (U.S., Europe, China, Japan, and South Korea), in order to outline criteria for what could be considered prior art and the requirements for a disclosure to be deemed relevant, thus ensuring security and predictability in the system and balancing the protection of innovation with the social benefits brought by AI systems.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Tarso Mesquita Machado, Rafael Augusto Marques da Costa
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