Entrenamiento de inteligencia artificial y límites del derecho de los editores de prensa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26422/RIPI.2026.2400.varPalavras-chave:
inteligência artificial generativa, direito de autor, mineração de textos e dados, grandes modelos de linguagem, exceções de copyrightResumo
Este artículo analiza cómo se relacionan la inteligencia artificial generativa y el derecho de autor en la Unión Europea, centrándose en la petición de decisión prejudicial C-250/25 (Like Company c. Google) y en las nuevas obligaciones de transparencia de la Ley de Inteligencia Artificial. Usando un enfoque cualitativo de análisis documental, se revisan documentos procesales, opiniones doctrinales y literatura especializada sobre las excepciones para la minería de textos y datos. Los resultados muestran que el marco legal europeo actual tiene ambigüedades importantes. El derecho conexo de los editores de prensa, regulado por el artículo 15 de la Directiva 2019/790/UE sobre los Derechos de Autor en el Mercado Único Digital, no es suficiente para resolver los retos del entrenamiento de modelos fundacionales y las técnicas de Generación Aumentada por Recuperación. Además, los requisitos de transparencia del nuevo marco europeo sobre inteligencia artificial no resuelven los problemas prácticos de la reserva de derechos (opt-out) para los creadores individuales, por ello, aplicar categorías jurídicas tradicionales a tecnologías probabilísticas puede frenar la innovación tecnológica. El artículo concluye que, por tanto, es necesario avanzar hacia esquemas más flexibles y justos que permitan el desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial y aseguren una remuneración adecuada para los autores.
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