Rumo a uma governança cooperativa dos bens culturais digitais: limites e transformações do paradigma autoral clássico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26422/RIPI.2025.2300.ramPalavras-chave:
direitos culturais, bens comuns digitais, governança digital, tecnologia da informação, royaltiesResumo
O fenômeno da pirataria digital revela uma fratura estrutural entre as categorias jurídicas tradicionais e as condições sociotecnológicas da contemporaneidade, nas quais a abundância informacional e a imaterialidade dos bens culturais invalidam os pressupostos de escassez e exclusividade que sustentavam o direito autoral clássico. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar criticamente a pirataria digital como expressão moral e sociotecnológica de justiça distributiva, a fim de formular um paradigma regulatório que integre equidade no acesso, sustentabilidade do ecossistema digital e confiança institucional. Os resultados indicam que as políticas punitivas e os sistemas tecnológicos restritivos mostram-se ineficazes e até contraproducentes, pois enfraquecem a legitimidade do sistema e reforçam atitudes de resistência moral. Em contraste, contextos em que existem alternativas legais acessíveis, preços adaptativos e licenças abertas apresentam níveis mais elevados de conformidade voluntária. As evidências sugerem que a sustentabilidade regulatória depende menos da coerção do que da percepção de justiça e da participação social na formulação das normas. Conclui-se, portanto, que a reconstrução da legitimidade institucional requer uma transição da lógica do controle para a da cooperação, estabelecendo um marco de governança digital baseado na equidade distributiva, na transparência e na confiança como pilares de uma regulação legítima e sustentável do conhecimento.
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